--- title: "SPF-Eintrag-Format: Ein vollständiger Leitfaden zur DNS-Konfiguration | AutoSPF" description: "Verstehen Sie das SPF-Eintrag-Format - Version, Mechanismen, Qualifizierer und Modifikatoren. Erfahren Sie, wie Sie Ihren SPF-TXT-Eintrag für eine korrekte E-Mail-Authentifizierung strukturieren." image: "https://autospf.com/images/og-default.png" canonical: "https://autospf.com/de/spf-eintrag-format/" --- Vollständige Referenz # SPF-Eintrag-Format Ein vollständiger Referenzleitfaden zum Format des Sender-Policy-Framework-Eintrags - Mechanismen, Qualifizierer, Modifikatoren und Praxisbeispiele wie [ein Beispiel-SPF-Eintrag](/de/spf-eintrag-beispiel/) zum Kopieren. RFC-7208-konform Eintragsstruktur ## Aufbau eines SPF-Eintrags `v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 include:_spf.google.com -all` v=spf1 Version ip4:192.0.2.1 Mechanismus include:... Mechanismus \-all Qualifizierer + Catch-all Bausteine ## Mechanismen Mechanismen legen fest, welche Server berechtigt sind, E-Mails im Namen Ihrer Domain zu versenden, und sie kommen in allen [SPF-Eintrag-Typen](/blog/complete-guide-to-spf-record-types-6-variations-explained-simply/) vor. Jeder Mechanismus zählt zum 10-DNS-Lookup-Limit (außer `ip4`, `ip6` und `all`). | Mechanismus | Beispiel | Beschreibung | DNS-Lookup? | | ----------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------- | | ip4 | ip4:192.0.2.0/24 | Autorisiert eine bestimmte IPv4-Adresse oder einen CIDR-Bereich | Nein | | ip6 | ip6:2001:db8::/32 | Autorisiert eine bestimmte IPv6-Adresse oder einen Bereich | Nein | | a | a | Autorisiert die IP-Adressen aus dem A-Eintrag der Domain | Ja | | mx | mx | Autorisiert die Mailserver aus dem MX-Eintrag der Domain | Ja | | include | include:\_spf.google.com | Verweist auf den SPF-Eintrag einer anderen Domain | Ja | | all | \-all | Catch-all-Mechanismus - passt auf alles, was zuvor nicht zutraf | Nein | | exists | exists:%{i}.spf.example.com | Prüft, ob ein DNS-A-Eintrag existiert (in SPF-Makros verwendet) | Ja | | ptr | ptr | Reverse-DNS-Prüfung (veraltet - nicht verwenden) | Ja | Aktionstypen ## Qualifizierer Qualifizierer werden Mechanismen vorangestellt und teilen dem empfangenden Server mit, welche Aktion bei einer Übereinstimmung auszuführen ist - der Kern davon, [wie SPF Ihre Domain schützt](/blog/what-spf-records-are-and-how-they-protect-email-domains/). Wird kein Qualifizierer angegeben, ist `+` (Pass) der Standard. + ### Pass E-Mail annehmen. Der Absender ist autorisiert. \- ### Fail E-Mail abweisen. Der Absender ist nicht autorisiert. \~ ### Soft Fail Annehmen, aber als verdächtig markieren. Während des Tests verwenden. ? ### Neutral Keine Aussage. So behandeln, als gäbe es keine SPF-Richtlinie. Erweiterte Optionen ## Modifikatoren ### redirect= Leitet die SPF-Verarbeitung zum SPF-Eintrag einer anderen Domain um. Ersetzt die Richtlinie der aktuellen Domain vollständig. `v=spf1 redirect=_spf.example.com` ### exp= Liefert eine benutzerdefinierte Erläuterung, wenn eine SPF-Prüfung fehlschlägt. Nützlich für die Diagnose. `v=spf1 ... -all exp=explain._spf.example.com` Praxisbeispiele ## Häufige SPF-Eintrag-Beispiele ### Basis - einzelne IP `v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 -all` ### Google Workspace + Ihr Server `v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 include:_spf.google.com -all` ### Google + Microsoft 365 `v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com include:spf.protection.outlook.com -all` ### A- + MX-Einträge mit Soft Fail `v=spf1 a mx include:_spf.google.com ~all` Empfohlene Vorgehensweisen ## Best Practices - Verwenden Sie niemals `+all` \- es autorisiert jeden Server im Internet - Halten Sie die DNS-Lookups unter 10 - nutzen Sie bei Bedarf SPF-Flattening - Überprüfen und aktualisieren Sie Ihren SPF-Eintrag regelmäßig, wenn Sie E-Mail-Anbieter wechseln - Testen Sie Ihren Eintrag nach jeder Änderung mit einem SPF-Checker-Tool - Vermeiden Sie den veralteten `ptr`\-Mechanismus - Bevorzugen Sie `-all` (Hard Fail) gegenüber `~all`, sobald Sie alle sendenden Quellen verifiziert haben ## Verwalten Sie SPF-Einträge nicht manuell AutoSPF flacht Ihr SPF-Eintrag-Format automatisch ab und optimiert es. Die Einrichtung dauert 60 Sekunden. [Kostenlose Testphase starten→](https://subscriptions.zoho.com/subscribe/31162770c20bc42aba9c86185ed6106a6a2bba0f6b053217ad482bf477cf719e/smb%5F1)[Tarife & Preise ansehen](/de/preise/) Rated 5/5 on G2 · Trusted since 2018 ## What Our Customers Say ### "AutoSPF Flattens SPF Records Seamlessly & Keeps Changes Logged - I am quite pleased with the product" > It does what it promises to do, and does it very well. I appreciate that it keeps a log of changes made, which prevents many mistakes. A client's SPF record would have way too many lookups, but AutoSPF makes that problem go away. The length of the SPF record is typically not the issue; it's the amount of lookups in the record that are. AutoSPF "flattens" the record, automatically expanding the defined lookups to IP addresses or ranges. And it auto-updates the record when the un-flattened lookups change. PJ Peter J. President · Small-Business (50 or fewer emp.) ### "Helped us go beyond capacity" > AutoSPF did exactly as described, it helped us get past our 10 lookup limit. Afterwards, we hit another limit regarding overall capacity and when contacted, they quickly provided us with a new solution to eliminate capacity issues entirely going forward, so now we can add as many SPF records as needed. They also provided us with a personalized support video explaining their new method in its entirety using our instance as the example. VU Verified User Financial Services · Mid-Market (51-1000 emp.) [Read our reviews on G2 ](https://www.g2.com/products/autospf/reviews) ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138897474","name":"AutoSPF","url":"https://autospf.com","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://autospf.com/images/autospf-logo.png"},"description":"Automatic SPF flattening and email authentication management. 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I appreciate that it keeps a log of changes made, which prevents many mistakes. A client's SPF record would have way too many lookups, but AutoSPF makes that problem go away. The length of the SPF record is typically not the issue; it's the amount of lookups in the record that are. AutoSPF \"flattens\" the record, automatically expanding the defined lookups to IP addresses or ranges. And it auto-updates the record when the un-flattened lookups change.","name":"AutoSPF Flattens SPF Records Seamlessly & Keeps Changes Logged - I am quite pleased with the product","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"G2","url":"https://www.g2.com"}},{"@type":"Review","reviewRating":{"@type":"Rating","ratingValue":5,"bestRating":5},"author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Verified User","jobTitle":"Financial Services"},"datePublished":"2025-07-31","reviewBody":"AutoSPF did exactly as described, it helped us get past our 10 lookup limit. Afterwards, we hit another limit regarding overall capacity and when contacted, they quickly provided us with a new solution to eliminate capacity issues entirely going forward, so now we can add as many SPF records as needed. They also provided us with a personalized support video explaining their new method in its entirety using our instance as the example.","name":"Helped us go beyond capacity","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"G2","url":"https://www.g2.com"}}]} ```