--- title: "Formato del record SPF: guida completa alla configurazione DNS | AutoSPF" description: "Comprendi il formato di un record SPF - versione, meccanismi, qualificatori e modificatori. Scopri come strutturare il tuo record TXT SPF per una corretta autenticazione delle email." image: "https://autospf.com/images/og-default.png" canonical: "https://autospf.com/it/formato-record-spf/" --- Riferimento completo # Formato del record SPF Una guida di riferimento completa sul formato del record Sender Policy Framework - meccanismi, qualificatori, modificatori ed esempi concreti come [un record SPF di esempio](/it/esempio-record-spf/) che puoi copiare. Conforme alla RFC 7208 Struttura del record ## Anatomia di un record SPF `v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 include:_spf.google.com -all` v=spf1 Versione ip4:192.0.2.1 Meccanismo include:... Meccanismo \-all Qualificatore + catch-all Elementi di base ## Meccanismi I meccanismi definiscono quali server sono autorizzati a inviare email a nome del tuo dominio e compaiono in tutti i [tipi di record SPF](/blog/complete-guide-to-spf-record-types-6-variations-explained-simply/). Ogni meccanismo conta nel limite di 10 ricerche DNS (tranne `ip4`, `ip6` e `all`). | Meccanismo | Esempio | Descrizione | Ricerca DNS? | | ---------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | | ip4 | ip4:192.0.2.0/24 | Autorizza un indirizzo IPv4 o un intervallo CIDR specifico | No | | ip6 | ip6:2001:db8::/32 | Autorizza un indirizzo o un intervallo IPv6 specifico | No | | a | a | Autorizza gli indirizzi IP del record A del dominio | Sì | | mx | mx | Autorizza i server di posta del record MX del dominio | Sì | | include | include:\_spf.google.com | Fa riferimento al record SPF di un altro dominio | Sì | | all | \-all | Meccanismo catch-all - corrisponde a tutto ciò che non è stato già abbinato | No | | exists | exists:%{i}.spf.example.com | Verifica se esiste un record A DNS (usato nelle macro SPF) | Sì | | ptr | ptr | Verifica DNS inversa (deprecato - non usare) | Sì | Tipi di azione ## Qualificatori I qualificatori vengono anteposti ai meccanismi e indicano al server destinatario quale azione intraprendere quando si verifica una corrispondenza - è il cuore di [come SPF protegge il tuo dominio](/blog/what-spf-records-are-and-how-they-protect-email-domains/). Se non viene specificato alcun qualificatore, `+` (Pass) è il valore predefinito. + ### Pass Accetta l'email. Il mittente è autorizzato. \- ### Fail Rifiuta l'email. Il mittente non è autorizzato. \~ ### Soft Fail Accetta ma contrassegna come sospetto. Da usare durante i test. ? ### Neutral Nessuna asserzione. Da trattare come se non ci fosse alcuna policy SPF. Opzioni avanzate ## Modificatori ### redirect= Indirizza l'elaborazione SPF al record SPF di un altro dominio. Sostituisce interamente la policy del dominio attuale. `v=spf1 redirect=_spf.example.com` ### exp= Fornisce un messaggio di spiegazione personalizzato quando una verifica SPF fallisce. Utile per la diagnostica. `v=spf1 ... -all exp=explain._spf.example.com` Esempi concreti ## Esempi comuni di record SPF ### Base - IP singolo `v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 -all` ### Google Workspace + il tuo server `v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 include:_spf.google.com -all` ### Google + Microsoft 365 `v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com include:spf.protection.outlook.com -all` ### Record A + MX con soft fail `v=spf1 a mx include:_spf.google.com ~all` Pratiche consigliate ## Best practice - Non usare mai `+all` \- autorizza qualsiasi server su Internet - Mantieni le ricerche DNS sotto 10 - usa lo SPF flattening se necessario - Rivedi e aggiorna regolarmente il tuo record SPF quando cambi provider di posta - Testa il tuo record dopo ogni modifica con uno strumento SPF checker - Evita il meccanismo `ptr` deprecato - Preferisci `-all` (hard fail) a `~all` una volta verificate tutte le tue sorgenti di invio ## Non gestire i record SPF manualmente AutoSPF appiattisce e ottimizza automaticamente il formato del tuo record SPF. La configurazione richiede 60 secondi. [Inizia la prova gratuita→](https://subscriptions.zoho.com/subscribe/31162770c20bc42aba9c86185ed6106a6a2bba0f6b053217ad482bf477cf719e/smb%5F1)[Vedi piani e prezzi](/it/prezzi/) Rated 5/5 on G2 · Trusted since 2018 ## What Our Customers Say ### "AutoSPF Flattens SPF Records Seamlessly & Keeps Changes Logged - I am quite pleased with the product" > It does what it promises to do, and does it very well. I appreciate that it keeps a log of changes made, which prevents many mistakes. A client's SPF record would have way too many lookups, but AutoSPF makes that problem go away. The length of the SPF record is typically not the issue; it's the amount of lookups in the record that are. AutoSPF "flattens" the record, automatically expanding the defined lookups to IP addresses or ranges. And it auto-updates the record when the un-flattened lookups change. PJ Peter J. President · Small-Business (50 or fewer emp.) ### "Helped us go beyond capacity" > AutoSPF did exactly as described, it helped us get past our 10 lookup limit. Afterwards, we hit another limit regarding overall capacity and when contacted, they quickly provided us with a new solution to eliminate capacity issues entirely going forward, so now we can add as many SPF records as needed. They also provided us with a personalized support video explaining their new method in its entirety using our instance as the example. VU Verified User Financial Services · Mid-Market (51-1000 emp.) [Read our reviews on G2 ](https://www.g2.com/products/autospf/reviews) ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138897474","name":"AutoSPF","url":"https://autospf.com","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://autospf.com/images/autospf-logo.png"},"description":"Automatic SPF flattening and email authentication management. Resolve SPF lookup limits, flatten SPF records, and maintain email deliverability across all your domains.","parentOrganization":{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138883901","name":"DuoCircle LLC","url":"https://www.duocircle.com","sameAs":["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138883901","https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/duocircle-llc","https://www.linkedin.com/company/duocircle","https://github.com/duocircle"],"subOrganization":[{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138898167","name":"DMARC Report","url":"https://dmarcreport.com"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138897474","name":"AutoSPF","url":"https://autospf.com"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138897912","name":"Phish Protection","url":"https://www.phishprotection.com"}]},"sameAs":["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138897474","https://www.linkedin.com/company/autospf","https://x.com/autospf01","https://www.facebook.com/autospf","https://github.com/duocircle","https://www.g2.com/products/autospf/reviews"],"aggregateRating":{"@type":"AggregateRating","ratingValue":"5.0","reviewCount":"21","bestRating":"5","worstRating":"1","url":"https://www.g2.com/products/autospf/reviews"},"contactPoint":{"@type":"ContactPoint","contactType":"customer support","url":"https://autospf.com/contact-us/"},"knowsAbout":["SPF Record Flattening","Sender Policy Framework","Email Authentication","DNS Management","DMARC","DKIM","Email Deliverability","SPF Lookup Limits"]} ``` ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"WebSite","name":"AutoSPF","url":"https://autospf.com","description":"Automatic SPF flattening and email authentication management. Resolve SPF lookup limits, flatten SPF records, and maintain email deliverability across all your domains.","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"AutoSPF","url":"https://autospf.com","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://autospf.com/images/autospf-logo.png"},"description":"Automatic SPF flattening and email authentication management. Resolve SPF lookup limits, flatten SPF records, and maintain email deliverability across all your domains.","parentOrganization":{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138883901","name":"DuoCircle LLC","url":"https://www.duocircle.com","sameAs":["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138883901","https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/duocircle-llc","https://www.linkedin.com/company/duocircle","https://github.com/duocircle"],"subOrganization":[{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138898167","name":"DMARC Report","url":"https://dmarcreport.com"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138897474","name":"AutoSPF","url":"https://autospf.com"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138897912","name":"Phish Protection","url":"https://www.phishprotection.com"}]}}} ``` ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://autospf.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Formato del record SPF","item":"https://autospf.com/it/formato-record-spf/"}]} ``` ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Product","name":"AutoSPF","url":"https://autospf.com","aggregateRating":{"@type":"AggregateRating","ratingValue":5,"reviewCount":21,"bestRating":5,"worstRating":1},"review":[{"@type":"Review","reviewRating":{"@type":"Rating","ratingValue":5,"bestRating":5},"author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter J.","jobTitle":"President"},"datePublished":"2026-03-10","reviewBody":"It does what it promises to do, and does it very well. I appreciate that it keeps a log of changes made, which prevents many mistakes. A client's SPF record would have way too many lookups, but AutoSPF makes that problem go away. The length of the SPF record is typically not the issue; it's the amount of lookups in the record that are. AutoSPF \"flattens\" the record, automatically expanding the defined lookups to IP addresses or ranges. And it auto-updates the record when the un-flattened lookups change.","name":"AutoSPF Flattens SPF Records Seamlessly & Keeps Changes Logged - I am quite pleased with the product","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"G2","url":"https://www.g2.com"}},{"@type":"Review","reviewRating":{"@type":"Rating","ratingValue":5,"bestRating":5},"author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Verified User","jobTitle":"Financial Services"},"datePublished":"2025-07-31","reviewBody":"AutoSPF did exactly as described, it helped us get past our 10 lookup limit. Afterwards, we hit another limit regarding overall capacity and when contacted, they quickly provided us with a new solution to eliminate capacity issues entirely going forward, so now we can add as many SPF records as needed. They also provided us with a personalized support video explaining their new method in its entirety using our instance as the example.","name":"Helped us go beyond capacity","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"G2","url":"https://www.g2.com"}}]} ```