---
title: "SPF レコードのフォーマット: DNS 設定の完全ガイド | AutoSPF"
description: "SPF レコードのフォーマット（バージョン、メカニズム、修飾子、モディファイア）を理解しましょう。適切なメール認証のために SPF の TXT レコードをどう構成するかを解説します。"
image: "https://autospf.com/images/og-default.png"
canonical: "https://autospf.com/ja/spf-rekodo-fomatto/"
---

完全リファレンス 

# SPF レコードのフォーマット

Sender Policy Framework レコードのフォーマットに関する完全なリファレンス ガイドです。メカニズム、修飾子、モディファイア、そしてコピーしてそのまま使える [SPF レコードの例](/ja/spf-rekodo-rei/) などの実例を紹介します。

RFC 7208 準拠 

レコードの構造 

## SPF レコードの構造

`v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 include:_spf.google.com -all` 

v=spf1

バージョン

ip4:192.0.2.1

メカニズム

include:...

メカニズム

\-all

修飾子 + キャッチオール

構成要素 

## メカニズム

メカニズムは、自社ドメインに代わってメールを送信することを許可されたサーバーを定義するもので、すべての [SPF レコードの種類](/blog/complete-guide-to-spf-record-types-6-variations-explained-simply/) に登場します。各メカニズムは10回の DNS ルックアップ上限にカウントされます（`ip4`、`ip6`、`all` を除く）。

| メカニズム   | 例                           | 説明                                 | DNS ルックアップ？ |
| ------- | --------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | ----------- |
| ip4     | ip4:192.0.2.0/24            | 特定の IPv4 アドレスまたは CIDR 範囲を許可する      | いいえ         |
| ip6     | ip6:2001:db8::/32           | 特定の IPv6 アドレスまたは範囲を許可する            | いいえ         |
| a       | a                           | ドメインの A レコードの IP アドレスを許可する         | はい          |
| mx      | mx                          | ドメインの MX レコードのメールサーバーを許可する         | はい          |
| include | include:\_spf.google.com    | 別のドメインの SPF レコードを参照する              | はい          |
| all     | \-all                       | キャッチオール メカニズム。これまでに一致しなかったすべてに一致する | いいえ         |
| exists  | exists:%{i}.spf.example.com | DNS の A レコードが存在するか確認する（SPF マクロで使用） | はい          |
| ptr     | ptr                         | 逆引き DNS チェック（非推奨。使用しないでください）       | はい          |

アクションの種類 

## 修飾子

修飾子はメカニズムの前に付けられ、一致が発生したときに受信サーバーが取るべきアクションを指示します。これは [SPF がドメインを保護する仕組み](/blog/what-spf-records-are-and-how-they-protect-email-domains/) の核心です。修飾子が指定されていない場合、`+`（Pass）がデフォルトとなります。

+

### Pass

メールを受け入れます。送信者は許可されています。

\-

### Fail

メールを拒否します。送信者は許可されていません。

\~

### Soft Fail

受け入れますが、疑わしいものとしてマークします。テスト中に使用します。

?

### Neutral

判定を行いません。SPF ポリシーがない場合と同様に扱います。

高度なオプション 

## モディファイア

### redirect=

SPF の処理を別のドメインの SPF レコードへ振り向けます。現在のドメインのポリシーを完全に置き換えます。

`v=spf1 redirect=_spf.example.com` 

### exp=

SPF チェックが失敗したときに表示するカスタムの説明メッセージを提供します。診断に役立ちます。

`v=spf1 ... -all exp=explain._spf.example.com` 

実際の例 

## よくある SPF レコードの例

### 基本 - 単一の IP

`v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 -all` 

### Google Workspace + 自社サーバー

`v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 include:_spf.google.com -all` 

### Google + Microsoft 365

`v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com include:spf.protection.outlook.com -all` 

### A + MX レコード（ソフトフェイル付き）

`v=spf1 a mx include:_spf.google.com ~all` 

推奨される実践 

## ベストプラクティス

- `+all` は決して使わないでください。インターネット上のあらゆるサーバーを許可してしまいます
- DNS ルックアップは10回未満に保ちましょう。必要なら SPF flattening を使います
- メールプロバイダーを変更する際は、SPF レコードを定期的に見直して更新しましょう
- 変更するたびに、SPF チェッカーツールでレコードをテストしましょう
- 非推奨の `ptr` メカニズムは避けましょう
- すべての送信元を確認できたら、`~all` よりも `-all`（ハードフェイル）を優先しましょう

## SPF レコードを手作業で管理しないでください

AutoSPF は SPF レコードのフォーマットを自動的にフラット化し、最適化します。設定は60秒で完了します。

[無料トライアルを始める→](https://subscriptions.zoho.com/subscribe/31162770c20bc42aba9c86185ed6106a6a2bba0f6b053217ad482bf477cf719e/smb%5F1)[プランと料金を見る](/ja/ryokin/)

Rated 5/5 on G2 · Trusted since 2018 

##  What Our Customers Say 

### "AutoSPF Flattens SPF Records Seamlessly & Keeps Changes Logged - I am quite pleased with the product"

> It does what it promises to do, and does it very well. I appreciate that it keeps a log of changes made, which prevents many mistakes. A client's SPF record would have way too many lookups, but AutoSPF makes that problem go away. The length of the SPF record is typically not the issue; it's the amount of lookups in the record that are. AutoSPF "flattens" the record, automatically expanding the defined lookups to IP addresses or ranges. And it auto-updates the record when the un-flattened lookups change. 

 PJ 

Peter J.

 President · Small-Business (50 or fewer emp.) 

### "Helped us go beyond capacity"

> AutoSPF did exactly as described, it helped us get past our 10 lookup limit. Afterwards, we hit another limit regarding overall capacity and when contacted, they quickly provided us with a new solution to eliminate capacity issues entirely going forward, so now we can add as many SPF records as needed. They also provided us with a personalized support video explaining their new method in its entirety using our instance as the example. 

 VU 

Verified User

 Financial Services · Mid-Market (51-1000 emp.) 

[Read our reviews on G2 ](https://www.g2.com/products/autospf/reviews)

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```

```json
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```

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```

```json
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```